Transport Direct has a mobile interface for UK bus and rail departures/arrivals.
For example, after searching for a bus stop by name and choosing the correct result, you get a list of the next scheduled departures from that stop. These may have little resemblance to reality, as they don't seem to be using any real-time bus location information, but they're better than nothing. Route details for each departure are also available, split annoyingly over several pages.
You can also get the upcoming timetables for each bus stop using an ATCO code, which should be displayed at the bus stop.
The NaPTAN database [Wikipedia] has the location data for bus stops (with both OS grid references and latitude and longitude). Register for access (only the email address needs to be accurate), then download the data set.